In the non-woven fabric manufacturing method, the spunbond method has obvious advantages in terms of manufacturing technology, product performance and production efficiency, and it has achieved remarkable development in the past 20 years. At present, about 40% to 50% of the production of non-woven fabrics adopts the melt spinning method (including the spunbonding method, the melt-blown method and the composite method of the two), and the melt spinning production method is used in the total output of each region. The proportion is 50% in the United States, 37% in Europe, and 41% in Japan. It can be seen from the data that the advanced countries use the melt spinning method as the main production method of non-woven fabrics. In the most developed North America in the 1998s, the market for spunbond nonwovens accounted for 54% of the total nonwovens market.
The research on spunbonded nonwovens was carried out in the late 1950s by the simultaneous development and production of industrialization by DuPont and Freudenberg in the United States and Europe. Then in the late 1960s, the world began to produce spunbonded nonwovens. Japan began in the 1970s, and the Asia-Pacific region began production in the mid-1980s with technology introduction as its starting point.
The important reason for the rapid development of spunbonding method is that it uses synthetic polymer as raw material. The method utilizes the principle of chemical fiber spinning, and continuous filaments are produced in the process of polymer spinning, which are directly bonded after being formed into a net after spinning. Non-woven fabric, the manufacturing method is very simple and fast, compared with the dry non-woven processing technology, eliminating a series of cumbersome intermediate processes such as fiber curling, cutting, packing, transporting, mixing, combing, etc. The most significant effect of batch production is to reduce the cost of spunbond products, stable quality, and strong market competitiveness. It can enter the market of textiles, paper and film in various applications such as disposable and durable. Secondly, since the spunbonded nonwoven fabric uses polypropylene as a main raw material in a large amount, it has many advantages in terms of price, processing, production cost, etc., and greatly promotes the continuous development of the spunbond nonwoven fabric industry. In addition, the spunbonded nonwoven fabric has excellent mechanical properties, and its tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength and other indicators are superior to dry, wet, meltblown nonwovens, especially in recent years. The rapid development of production line scale, technology and equipment, and product market development has greatly expanded the application field of spunbond nonwovens.
The biggest difference between the spunbonding process and the chemical fiber spinning is the air drafting and direct web forming. Therefore, the drafting of the spunbonding method becomes the core problem of the technology. The conventional drafting method is the mechanical drawing method, the fiber monofilament. Thicker, uneven laying. At present, the world's spunbond production equipment has adopted air drafting technology. Due to different air drafting methods, there are three different forms of spunbonding production lines, such as tubular drafting, wide slit drafting, and narrow seaming. Stretching and so on.
The spunbonded nonwoven fabric technology has always been to improve the production line and solve the problems of uniformity, hiding property and rough feeling of the nonwoven fabric, so as to improve the strength, flexibility, uniformity and comfort of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric. , hygroscopicity and other properties.
The fine-denier spunbonded nonwoven fabric can directly improve the softness and comfort of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric. However, the fine-danning of the spunbond method has a technical bottleneck. For example, the fine-denierization can increase the number of fibers per unit area of ​​the spunbonded nonwoven fabric, and the "bonding point" between the fiber and the fiber increases. Products will also become more uniform and coverage will increase.
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