Chinese jade has a long history and has a glorious history of 7,000 years. Seven thousand years ago, the ancestors of the Hemudu culture in the south, in the process of selecting stone tools, consciously made the beautiful stones they picked up, dressed themselves, beautified their lives, and opened the prelude to Chinese jade culture. In the middle and late Neolithic Ages four or five thousand years ago, the Liaohe River Basin, the Yellow River, the Yangtze River, the Yangtze River, the north and the south, the dawn of Chinese jade culture shines everywhere. The shape and theme of jade in each period are also different, competing in different poses. Controversy and eye-catching. Jade is a splendid star in China's glorious history and culture. It is unique in world art and has distinct national characteristics. Since the beginning of the Hemudu culture around 5,000 BC, the jade articles of our country have been continuously developed for more than 7,000 years. The reason why jade articles have been passed down in the history of China is that, besides being rich in jade material, excellent in texture, variety, advanced in production technology and beautiful in appearance, the most important thing is that jade has always been regarded as a kind of god in China. The symbol of auspiciousness, like jade Ruyi is a typical handicraft, as well as headwear, jade pendant, jade bracelet, etc., which has won people's love and made it play a special role in the fields of politics, economy and culture. Play the role that other arts and crafts can't replace.
The jade articles of our country first appeared in the early Neolithic Age. At that time, the ancestors of China used stone as the material of life and production tools. In the process of selecting, making, and honing stone tools, they gradually realized the beautiful colored stones than the stone. These more beautiful ones were used as decorations, and later, people knew the processing methods such as grinding, piercing, and carving, and the use of jade was more extensive. So the original jade actually refers to a beautiful, shiny, patterned stone. In the late Neolithic period, there were "Peiyu" or "Jade" used for clothing accessories. In the Zhou Dynasty, "Peiyu is still the Shang", people regard jade as the standard of self-cultivation and the measure of personal morality, and become a special item with social moral meaning. This concept has been circulating for thousands of years. Even in the modern era of high economic development, jade is still very popular.
The Spring and Autumn Jade Art is a jade age that connects the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. From the simple abstraction of the Shang Zhou jade ornamentation to the intensive and complex, beautiful and beautiful of the Spring and Autumn jade ornaments, the sharpness of the warring States and the Han Dynasty jade. In the spring and autumn jade, the most classic ornamentation is the kind of dense, impenetrable bas-relief cirrus, which can be called the signature ornament of the spring and autumn jade. It is the symbol of this era, the cirrus of the Spring and Autumn Period. The pattern is also called èŸ è™º pattern, commonly known as lying silkworm. The Taiwanese are called parasitic patterns, and the telephone calls are called call lines. In short, what is called pictograms, the main features of this pattern identification are:
1 There are hidden dragon patterns. Real spring and autumn jade articles generally have hidden symmetrical dragon patterns. This hidden dragon pattern is related to the background of the times. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the rituals are broken, and the princes want to be kings, but On the face, I have to take into account the existence of Zhou Wang, so I still dare not express my ambitions brazenly, so I still have to hide my face and hide, so I hide this idea in jade. Hide the dragon pattern, you can't see it without careful.
2 The bas-relief volume of the spring and autumn jade is generally worn off, and it is round and round, not hard and straight. This is the main basis for authenticity. The hard and straight cirrus pattern is generally formed by the current process. No matter how delicate it is, how to regulate it, it can't be separated from the characteristics of the current process.
The beauty of Shang Zhou jade is in terms of material, color, shape and serial combination. The technology of Saitama is very high. This is the growth period of jade articles in China. The jade art has symbolic and decorative characteristics. The jade articles of our country have entered the period of true jade from the primitive society. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the development of gorgeous, enamel carving and hollowing out was carried out. In the Han Dynasty, due to the smooth passage of the Western Regions producing jade, the source of jade materials increased, and the control and use of jade products became more common. During the Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, it was a strong period for the development of jade. During the period of the Tang, Tang and Five Dynasties, political stability during this period, economic prosperity, and the development of jade crafts showed an unprecedented prosperity. Many jade objects are similar in stone carving style and are very delicate. Characters and animal-shaped jade objects focus on revealing the spiritual world of the object, adopting exaggerated techniques to highlight the key parts of the body, using denser lines to decorate the details, similar to the iron line drawing on the painting, paying attention to the ups and downs, making the jade a natural and fragrant vivid. On this basis, Song, Liao and Jin jade have been further developed. From the honing technique, it is mainly adapted to the realism aspect. The carving technique is more advanced, and the painting is used in the jade carving, which is rich in a strong life atmosphere. The jade in this period has reached both form and spirit, and true nature. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the jade art of this period was the heyday, and the jade industry was highly developed, and several production sites have been formed. The most important place of production is Suzhou's exclusive alleys. The famous workmanship and exquisite skills have made an indelible contribution to the improvement and development of jade art at that time. During this period, there were many jade industries, large scales and unprecedented production. The jade used was good and the variety was varied. In the jade, the theme of landscapes, flowers, figures, etc. is described, and the pursuit of charm and pen and ink is pursued, and the skill of making jade is raised to a new level.
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