China is a major jade country in the world. It has a long history of mining and a wide geographical distribution. There are more than 200 places in China. After thousands of years of exploitation and utilization, the jade mine has gradually dried up, but it is called the four famous jade in the jade treasure:
First, turquoise:
China is a famous turquoise producing area in the world and one of the major producers of turquoise. Among them, Maanshan in Anhui and Qixian in Hubei are the most famous. There are turquoise products in the relics of the past, and it is a traditional jade with a long history.
The ancients called it "Biandianzi", "green stalk", etc., and Europeans called it "Turkish Jade" or "Turkish Jade". Turkey does not produce turquoise. It is believed to be due to the ancient Persian production of turquoise, which was shipped to Europe via Turkey and was named after Turkey. Mr. Zhang Hongjun, an old predecessor of China's geological community, said in his famous book "Shi Ya": "This (referring to turquoise) or resembling a pine ball, the color is nearly pine, so it is said to be the name", it is said that turquoise is often due to its natural output. Tuberculosis, globular, and color like the green of pine trees, is called "turquoise." It can be said that it is very image, and can also be referred to as "Songshi".
According to the expert's research, the famous Hessian in the history of China is made of turquoise. This piece is directly related to the idioms such as “value-for-money†and “complete sui-guiâ€. The treasures used by Qin Shihuang to pass the country are also turquoise, which shows the ancient people’s cherished degree of turquoise. Turquoise jade carving crafts are one of China's unique export jade carving varieties, and have long enjoyed a good reputation in the international market. The statue of "Li Shizhen collecting medicine" in the Great Hall of the People is carved from turquoise. Tibetan doctors also use turquoise as a medicine. In the jewellery custom, turquoise is listed as the birthstone or birthstone in December, which represents “success†and “winningâ€.
Second, Nanyang Yu:
Nanyang jade is produced in Dushan, Nanyang County, Henan Province, also known as “Dushan Jadeâ€, referred to as “Jiyuâ€.
Nanyang jade is a plagioclase jade with fine texture, pure, grease or glass luster, good polishing performance, transparent or micro-transparent. The hardness is 5.5 to 6.5 degrees. Nanyang jade is a multi-color jade. Commonly used for two or more tones composed of multi-color jade, bright colors, respectively: water white jade, white jade, black white jade, green jade, green white jade, sky blue jade, jade, sapphire, purple jade, bright brown jade, topaz , Huang Rongyu, Moyu and variegated jade.
Third, Xiuyan jade:
Because the main producing area is named after Xiuyan in Liaoning, it is also known as Yuyu. It is a serpentine formed in the metamorphic marble of magnesia carbonate. There are many deposits in this geological environment in China, so it is very similar to the production of jade. The appearance of the jadeite is blue-green and yellow-green. Translucent, waxy after polishing, hardness of 3.5 degrees to 5 degrees. The jade material used in the Hongshan culture of the Neolithic Age is produced in the fine jade ditch of Xiuyan, commonly known as the old jade, which is a tremolite nephrite.
Fourth, Hetian jade
It is distributed in the northern slopes of the Kunlun Mountains, which are distributed in Xinjiang Shache--Tashkurgan, Hetian--Yuyu and Qiemo County for 1,500 kilometers. There are nine production areas. Hetian jade's mineral composition is mainly composed of tremolite-yangshi stone, and contains traces of diopside, serpentine, graphite, magnet and other minerals. Different colors such as white, cyan, black, and yellow are formed. Most are monochromatic jade, and a few have variegated colors. The jade is translucent and has a greased luster after polishing with a hardness of 5.5 to 6.5 degrees. Hetian jade is born in a mountain rock with an altitude of 3,500 meters to 5,000 meters. After long-term weathering and stripping into pieces of different sizes, it collapses on the hillside and then flows into the river through rainwater. When the autumn river is dry, the jade collected in the riverbed is called seed jade, and the mountain material mined in the rock formation.
According to Hetian jade's color and texture purity, its main varieties can be divided into: white jade, white fat white jade, green white jade, sapphire, topaz, sugar jade, ink jade, jasper and so on.
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